中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (34): 4298-4303.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0404

• 论著·人群健康研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

社区血糖管理人群血糖自我监测达标情况及其影响因素研究

陈俊键1, 范冠华2,*()   

  1. 1.515041 广东省汕头市,汕头大学医学院第一附属医院
    2.515041 广东省汕头市,汕头大学医学院
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-20 修回日期:2022-09-10 出版日期:2022-12-05 发布日期:2022-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 范冠华
  • 陈俊键,范冠华.社区血糖管理人群血糖自我监测达标情况及其影响因素研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(34):4298-4303.[www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:
    陈俊键负责问卷发放和收集、数据分析、论文撰写;范冠华负责问卷前期设计;陈俊键、范冠华共同完成数据分析与写作,以及论文修订。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2022A1515012192); 广东省医学科研基金项目(A2121500,A2022535); 汕头市科技计划医疗卫生类别项目(190716185262435,汕府科【2019】106号-10)

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Effective Self-monitoring of Blood Glucose Frequency in Community-living People with Glycemic Management

CHEN Junjian1, FAN Guanhua2,*()   

  1. 1.First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
    2.Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
  • Received:2022-06-20 Revised:2022-09-10 Published:2022-12-05 Online:2022-09-30
  • Contact: FAN Guanhua
  • About author:
    CHEN J J, FAN G H. Prevalence and associated factors of effective self-monitoring of blood glucose frequency in community-living people with glycemic management[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (34) : 4298-4303.

摘要: 背景 最新流调数据显示,我国2020年人群糖尿病患病率为11.2%(依据WHO标准)。糖尿病会带来诸多严重的并发症,如不严格控制血糖,血糖管理人群的生活质量将受到较大影响,因此自我血糖监测(SMBG)非常重要。 目的 探讨社区血糖管理人群SMBG频率达标情况及其潜在影响因素。 方法 于2019年8月至2020年8月,采用便利抽样法选取汕头市社区线上及线下的血糖管理人群为研究对象进行问卷调查。问卷包括3部分:基本情况、IMB-SMBG量表中文版和SMBG频率。将每周监测2~4次空腹或餐后2 h血糖定义为SMBG频率达标(达标组),反之定义为SMBG频率不达标(不达标组)。采用多因素Logistic回归分析SMBG频率达标情况的影响因素。 结果 本研究共发放并收回问卷2 000份,其中有效问卷1 636份(81.80%)。1 636例研究对象中,SMBG频率达标(达标组)403例(24.63%),SMBG频率不达标(不达标组)1 233例(75.37%)。达标组SMBG量表总得分为(211.76±38.36)分,不达标组为(166.33±40.24)分,二者比较,差异有统计学意义(t=19.901,P<0.01)。达标组与不达标组患者性别、文化程度、职业类型、是否药物控制、平均月收入、是否饮酒、是否有并发症、是否知道糖化血红蛋白、是否有血糖仪、是否了解SMBG的频率、获取血糖试纸是否方便、忘记测血糖是否会补测、是否会通过按摩手指促进血液流动情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,患者的职业类型、是否药物控制、获取血糖试纸是否方便、忘记测血糖是否会补测、是否会通过按摩手指促进血液流动情况为SMBG频率达标情况的影响因素(P<0.05)。 结论 社区血糖管理人群SMBG频率达标率有待提高,相关部门需要为血糖管理人群提供SMBG技能教育,从而提高SMBG频率达标率。

关键词: 糖尿病, 糖尿病前期, 血糖自我监测, 血糖控制, 影响因素分析

Abstract:

Background

The latest epidemiological data show that the prevalence of diabetes (diagnosed by the WHO diagnostic criteria) in Chinese population was 11.2% in 2020. Diabetes may induce many serious complications, and poor glycemic control will greatly impair the quality of life of people with glycemic management, so self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is particularly important.

Objective

To explore the prevalence and associated factors of effective frequency of SMBG in community-living people with glycemic management.

Methods

Convenience sampling was used to select individuals from Shantou communities who received online or offline glycemic management from primacy hospitals from August 2019 to August 2020 to attend a survey using a questionnaire consisting of three parts, namely demographic information, the Chinese version of the Brief IMB-SMBG Instrument, and the frequency of SMBG. Effective SMBG frequency was defined as measuring fasting blood glucose or 2-hour postprandial blood glucose 2 to 4 times per week, and by which participants were divided into effective and ineffective SMBG groups. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of effective SMBG frequency.

Results

Two thousand cases attended the survey, and 1 636 (81.80%) of them who handed in responsive questionnaires were finally included for analysis, including 403 (24.63%) with effective SMBG frequency and 1 233 (75.37%) with ineffective SMBG frequency. Effective and SMBG ineffective frequency groups had significant difference in the average total score of 〔 (211.76±38.36) vs (166.33±40.24) 〕 (t=19.901, P<0.01) . Two groups also had significant differences in sex ratio, distribution of education attainment, occupation type, and monthly income, prevalence of glycemic control through pharmaceutical treatment, drinking, complications, awareness of glycosylated hemoglobin and SMBG frequency, having a blood glucose monitor, catching up the blood glucose measurement missed due to forgetting, getting good access to blood glucose test strips, and massaging fingers to promote blood flow (P<0.05) . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that occupation type, glycemic control through pharmaceutical treatment, good access to blood glucose test strips, catching up the blood glucose measurement missed due to forgetting and massaging fingers to promote blood flow were associated with effective SMBG frequency (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

The rate of effective SMBG frequency in community-living people with glycemic management needs to be improved further. To achieve this, it is suggested that education on SMBG skills should be provided for this group.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Prediabetic state, Blood glucose self-monitoring, Glycemic control, Root cause analysis