中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (19): 2379-2384.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0082

所属专题: 老年人群健康最新文章合集 老年问题最新文章合集

• 论著·卫生服务利用与疾病经济负担研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

慢性病对老年人质量调整生命年与经济损失的影响研究

赵新月1, 郑晓2, 薛雅卿2, 邬惟为3, 陆姣4, 张持晨1,2,*()   

  1. 1.030001 山西省太原市,山西医科大学管理学院
    2.510515 广东省广州市,南方医科大学卫生管理学院
    3.030001 山西省太原市,山西医科大学公共卫生学院
    4.710049 陕西省西安市,西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-11 修回日期:2022-04-25 出版日期:2022-07-05 发布日期:2022-06-02
  • 通讯作者: 张持晨
  • 赵新月,郑晓,薛雅卿,等.慢性病对老年人质量调整生命年与经济损失的影响研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(19):2379-2384.[www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:赵新月、张持晨负责研究构思与设计;赵新月负责文章撰写及统计学处理;郑晓、薛雅卿负责数据收集与整理;邬惟为、陆姣、张持晨负责文章的质量控制及审校。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(71874104)

Effects of Chronic Diseases on Quality Adjusted Life Year and Economic Losses of the Elderly

Xinyue ZHAO1, Xiao ZHENG2, Yaqing XUE2, Weiwei WU3, Jiao LU4, Chichen ZHANG1,2,*()   

  1. 1. School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
    2. School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
    3. School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
    4. School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
  • Received:2022-02-11 Revised:2022-04-25 Published:2022-07-05 Online:2022-06-02
  • Contact: Chichen ZHANG
  • About author:
    ZHAO X Y, ZHENG X, XUE Y Q, et al. Effects of chronic diseases on quality adjusted life year and economic losses of the elderly[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (19) : 2379-2384.

摘要: 背景 慢性病已经成为影响国家经济社会发展和居民身体健康状况的重大公共卫生问题,量化老年人的疾病与经济负担,能够更好地了解慢性病对个人及社会所造成的影响。 目的 了解山西省老年人常见慢性病患病状况及其造成的质量调整生命年(QALY)损失与经济损失。 方法 2019年6—8月,采用多阶段随机抽样方法选取山西省11个城市3 250例≥60岁老年人作为研究对象。对纳入老年人进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括一般人口学特征、疾病状况及健康相关生命质量状况。采用欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D-5L)评估老年人健康相关生命质量。基于中国EQ-5D-5L效用值积分体系来计算慢性病所造成的QALY损失,利用统计公报中人口与人均地区生产总值数据估算山西省2019年因常见慢性病造成的QALY损失与经济损失。 结果 单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄、生活区域、文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭人均月收入老年人EQ-5D-5L效用值比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、婚姻状况、家庭人均月收入是EQ-5D-5L健康效用值的影响因素(P<0.05)。3 250例老年人中,1 901例(58.49%)患慢性病。患病率排名前5的慢性病依次为:高血压〔29.45%(957/3 250)〕、糖尿病〔10.83%(352/3 250)〕、风湿或类风湿关节炎〔10.28%(334/3 250)〕、听力障碍〔8.09%(263/3 250)〕、胃炎或消化性溃疡〔6.49%(211/3 250)〕。以山西省总人口估算,2019年山西省5种常见慢性病造成的QALY损失为2 078 685年,经济损失为95 045 792 940元。造成山西省QALY损失与经济损失最多的慢性病在大同、太原、吕梁市为风湿或类风湿关节炎;在晋城、阳泉市为听力障碍;在晋中、临汾、运城、朔州、忻州、长治市为高血压。 结论 山西省老年人慢性病患病率较高,慢性病不仅会造成老年人QALY损失,也会产生巨大的经济负担。不同地区存在的常见慢性病有所差异,各地要根据实际情况确定疾病防治的优先次序,明确健康管理的重点目标与人群,从而取得事半功倍的效果。

关键词: 慢性病, 老年人, 患病代价, 质量校正寿命, 经济损失, 健康管理

Abstract:

Background

Chronic diseases have become an important public health problem that affects the economic and social development of country and population health. Quantifying the disease and economic burden of the elderly can provide a better understanding of the impact of chronic diseases on individuals and society.

Objective

To understand the prevalence of common chronic diseases among the elderly in Shanxi Province and explore the quality-adjusted life year (QALY) loss and economic loss which caused by chronic diseases.

Methods

From June to August in 2019, a multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 3 250 elderly people aged≥ 60 years from 11 cities in Shanxi Province as the research subjects for a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included general demographic information, disease status survey, and health-related quality of life status. The European Five-Dimensional Health Scale (EQ-5D-5L) was used to assess the health-related life quality of the elderly. The QALY loss caused by chronic diseases was calculated based on the Chinese EQ-5D-5L utility value score system, and the QALY loss and economic loss caused by common chronic diseases in Shanxi Province in 2019 were estimated by using population and GDP per capita from statistical bulletin.

Results

The results of univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the utility value of EQ-5D-5L among the elderly with different ages, living regions, educational levels, marital status, and family per capita monthly income (P<0.05) . The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that higher per capita monthly income of families, being married and younger age were the protective factors for the health utility value of EQ-5D-5L (P<0.05) . The prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly in Shanxi Province was 58.49% (1 901/3 250) . The top 5 chronic diseases by prevalence were: hypertension 29.45% (957/3 250) , diabetes 10.83% (352/3 250) , rheumatism or rheumatoid arthritis 10.28% (334/3 250) , hearing impairment 8.09% (263/3 250) , gastritis or peptic ulcer 6.49% (211/3 250) . Based on the estimation of the total population of Shanxi Province, the loss of QALY caused by five common chronic diseases in Shanxi Province in 2019 was 2 078 685 years, and the economic loss was 95 045 792 940yuan. The chronic disease causing the most QALY loss and economic loss in Shanxi Province was rheumatism or rheumatoid arthritis in Datong, Taiyuan and Luliang; in Jincheng, Yangquan city was hearing impairment; In Jinzhong, Linfen, Yuncheng, Shuozhou, Xinzhou, Changzhi City was hypertension.

Conclusion

The prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly in Shanxi Province was relatively high, and chronic diseases will not only cause the loss of QALY of the elderly, but also cause a huge economic burden. Common chronic diseases vary by region in Shanxi Province, each region should determine the priority of disease prevention and treatment according to the actual situation, identify the key objectives and population of health management, so as to achieve a multiplier effect.

Key words: Chronic disease, Aged, Cost of illness, Quality-adjusted life years, Economic losses, Health management