中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (20): 2525-2533.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0001

所属专题: 中医最新文章合集

• 方法学研究·中医药专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

中医手法治疗神经根型颈椎病随机对照试验结局指标的现状研究

冯天笑1, 李康健1, 于大伟1, 孙婉钰2, 符碧峰1, 冯敏山3, 王平1,*()   

  1. 1300193 天津市,天津中医药大学第一附属医院国家中医针灸临床医学研究中心
    2100040 北京市,中国中医科学院眼科医院
    3100102 北京市,中国中医科学院望京医院
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-25 修回日期:2022-04-10 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2022-05-11
  • 通讯作者: 王平
  • 冯天笑,李康健,于大伟,等.中医手法治疗神经根型颈椎病随机对照试验结局指标的现状研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(20):2525-2533,2540. [www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:冯天笑、王平负责文章的构思及设计,提出主要研究指标及研究目的;李康健、于大伟、孙婉钰、符碧峰、冯敏山负责文献筛选与数据统计,绘制表格;冯天笑、李康健负责论文起草、初步撰写;王平负责文章的质量控制及审校,并对文章整体负责。
  • 基金资助:
    国家中医药管理局中医药循证能力建设项目(2019XZZX-GK006); 王平劳模创新工作室(津教工〔2016〕3号); 中医传承工作室(津卫中〔2017〕193号)

Choice of Outcomes Used in Randomized Controlled Trials Measuring the Efficacy and Safety of Massage Therapy for Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy

Tianxiao FENG1, Kangjian LI1, Dawei YU1, Wanyu SUN2, Bifeng FU1, Minshan FENG3, Ping WANG1,*()   

  1. 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China
    2Eye Hospital, China Academy of CMS, Beijing 100040, China
    3Wang Jing Hospital of CACMS, Beijing 100102, China
  • Received:2021-11-25 Revised:2022-04-10 Published:2022-07-15 Online:2022-05-11
  • Contact: Ping WANG
  • About author:
    FENG T X, LI K J, YU D W, et al. Choice of outcomes used in randomized controlled trials measuring the efficacy and safety of massage therapy for cervical spondylotic radiculopathy[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (20) : 2525-2533, 2540.

摘要: 背景 中医手法是治疗神经根型颈椎病(CSR)的重要方法。随着研究的发展,大量中医手法治疗CSR的随机对照试验(RCT)已经发表,但在结局指标选择方面存在一定的问题,严重限制了高质量临床证据的产生。 目的 评价近十年中医手法治疗CSR的RCT结局指标的应用情况,为手法治疗CSR核心结局指标集的研究提供基础。 方法 计算机查阅中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、EMBase、Cochrane Library数据库,检索手法治疗CSR的RCT,检索时限为2011年1月至2021年5月。由2位研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价文献偏倚风险,采用定性分析的方法描述纳入研究结局指标的应用情况。 结果 共纳入66项RCT,按照报告的结局指标的功能属性分为7类:生活质量95次(41.48%)、症状体征64次(27.95%)、理化检查39次(17.03%)、安全性事件12次(5.24%)、经济学评估12次(5.24%)、远期预后5次(2.18%)、中医症状/证候2次(0.87%)。应用频次前5位的结局指标为总有效率、疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、颈椎功能障碍指数量表(NDI)评分、不良反应和不良事件及症状体征积分,指标测量范围从治疗后1 d~随访6个月,共涉及17个测量时点,以上结局指标分别以测量时点为治疗后14 d(27.08%)、治疗后14 d(26.67%)、治疗后14 d(29.17%)、治疗后28 d(28.57%)及治疗后14 d(33.33%)为主。27项RCT同时应用4个及以上的结局指标,14项RCT同时应用3个结局指标,20项RCT同时应用2个结局指标,5项RCT究应用1个结局指标。48项RCT报告了总有效率指标。 结论 目前中医手法治疗CSR的RCT结局指标选择方面存在较多问题,如未区分主要和次要结局指标;更多关注替代指标,轻视终点结局指标;忽视主观结局指标应用时的设盲;结局指标数量及组合选择异质性大;多使用复合结局指标评价结局;结局指标测量时点不统一等。未来研究中应当做好充分的顶层设计与前期研究,积极开展手法治疗CSR核心结局指标集工作。

关键词: 颈椎病, 正骨手法, 神经根型颈椎病, 随机对照试验, 患者报告结局评价, 核心结局指标集

Abstract:

Background

Massage is an important treatment for cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR) . As massage-related research advances, numerous randomized controlled trials (RCT) concerning massage therapy in CSR have been published, but high-quality evidence is still limited due to some problems in the choice of outcomes.

Objective

To evaluate the outcomes used in RCTs in recent 10 years regarding CSR treated using massage, providing a basis for the choice of core outcomes used in studies about massage in CSR.

Methods

RCTs regarding CSR treated using massage were searched in databases of CNKI, Wanfang Data, CQVIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMBase and Cochrane Library from January 2011 to May 2021. Literature screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed by two researchers separately. A qualitative analysis was conducted to analyze the outcomes used in the RCTs.

Results

In all, 66 RCTs were included, in which the outcomes were categorized into 7 categories based on functional attributes: quality of life (95 times, 41.48%) , symptoms and signs (64 times, 27.95%) , physical and chemical examinations (39 times, 17.03%) , safety events (12 times, 5.24%) , economic assessment (12 times, 5.24%) , long-term prognosis (5 times, 2.18%) , and TCM symptoms/syndromes (2 times, 0.87%) . The most frequently used five outcomes were overall response rate, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, Neck Disability Index score, adverse reactions and adverse events, symptom and sign score, and the measurement time points for which were 17 in total in a period from one day after treatment to the sixth month of follow-up. The above-mentioned outcome indexes are mainly measured at 14 days (27.08%) , 14 days (26.67%) , 14 days (29.17%) , 28 days (28.57%) and 14 days (33.33%) after treatment. The number of RCTs using one, two, three, and at least four outcomes was 5, 20, 14, and 27, respectively. Forty-eight RCTs reported the overall response rate.

Conclusion

We found many problems existing in the choice of outcomes used in RCTs assessing massage for CSR. The problems are as follows: primary and secondary outcomes were not defined; alternative outcomes received more attention while endpoint outcomes were neglected; the blinding method was ignored in RCTs using subjective outcomes; there was tremendous heterogeneity between RCTs in the number or combination of outcomes used, composite outcomes were mostly used; there was non-uniformity in measurement times of outcomes. We suggest that further relevant studies should pay attention to sufficient top-level design and preliminary research, and actively take actions to establish a set of core outcomes.

Key words: Cervical spondylosis, Bone setting manipulation, Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, Randomized controlled trial, Patient reported outcome measures, The core outcome set