中国全科医学 ›› 2021, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (13): 1596-1601.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.187

所属专题: 社区卫生服务最新研究合集

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基层医疗卫生机构在疫情防控中的功能定位与作用路径研究:以上海市W社区卫生服务中心为例

黄蛟灵1,傅玄琴2,王黎强2,马海萍2,张舒玮2,朱敏2,王朝昕1,石建伟1,俞文雅1,唐岚2*   

  1. 1.200025上海市,上海交通大学医学院公共卫生学院 2.200122上海市浦东新区潍坊社区卫生服务中心
    *通信作者:唐岚,主任医师;E-mail:tangl199@aliyun.com
  • 出版日期:2021-05-05 发布日期:2021-05-05
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(71904145);上海市卫生健康委员会卫生行业临床研究专项(201940435)

Role Orientation and Pathway of Primary Care during Containing COVID-19:a Case Study of Shanghai W Community Health Center 

HUANG Jiaoling1,FU Xuanqin2,WANG Liqiang2,MA Haiping2,ZHANG Shuwei2,ZHU Min2,WANG Zhaoxin1,SHI Jianwei1,YU Wenya1,TANG Lan2*   

  1. 1.School of Public Health,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China
    2.Pudong New Area Weifang Community Health Center,Shanghai 200122,China
    *Corresponding author:TANG Lan,Chief physician;E-mail:tangl199@aliyun.com
  • Published:2021-05-05 Online:2021-05-05

摘要: 背景 基层医疗卫生机构在此次新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控中发挥着重要作用,但其在疫情防控中的作用路径与机制研究还比较缺乏。目的 本文旨在探讨基层医疗卫生机构在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控中的功能定位,并刻画其发挥作用的系统路径。方法 2020年2—3月以上海市W社区卫生服务中心为例,采用邮件访谈、微信语音访谈与关键人物访谈搜集基层医疗卫生机构在疫情期间的主要措施,探索基层医疗卫生机构在疫情防控中的功能定位,并通过绘制系统动力学流图刻画基层医疗卫生机构的系统路径。结果 W社区卫生服务中心在疫情期间采取的主要措施包括组建疫情管理团队、实施分诊筛查、落实应急响应、强化病房管理、开展线上医疗,其主要功能定位包括“守住基本”“承接上线”“对接社区”“左右协同”4个方面。系统动力学流图显示,基层医疗卫生机构疫情防控系统主要由“执行路径”“应急路径”“协同路径”“基本医疗服务路径”4个子系统构成。结论 基层医疗卫生机构在重大疫情防控中发挥着重要作用,可概括为“上下左右”的功能定位。守住基本、加强组织管理、强化团队建设与提升外部协同是相应的政策建议。

关键词: 基层医疗卫生机构, 疫情防控, 新型冠状病毒肺炎, 社区卫生服务中心

Abstract: Background Primary care has played an significant role in containing COVID-19. But there is a lack of studies on the mechanism and pathway of its action. Objective To explore the role of primary care during the containment of COVID-19,and to map the systematic pathway. Methods This study was conducted between February and March 2020 in W Community Health Center(CHC),Shanghai. Data about major measures taken by center for containing COVID-19 were collected via interviews by telephone,email,WeChat voice,or key informant,and were analyzed to examine the role orientation of this CHC and to map its systematic pathway in containing the pandemic using system dynamics diagram. Results The major actions taken by this CHC to contain COVID-19 included:establishing a COVID-19 containment management team,implementing COVID-19 screening and triage,undertaking emergency responses to COVID-19,strengthening ward management,and providing online health services. This CHC's role during COVID-19 containment was mainly summarized as: providing essential healthcare services for residents,undertaking the anti-COVID-19 tasks assigned by higher level institutions,delivering community-based anti-COVID-19 services,and parallelly cooperating with other relevant institutions. The system dynamics flow diagram showed that the CVID-19 containment system in primary care based on the practice of this CHC is composed of four subsystems: execution path,emergency path,cooperation path,and essential healthcare service path. Conclusion Our study indicates that primary care plays an important role in COVID-19 containment,which may be summarized as "implementing duties in collaboration with other relevant institutions using parallel or vertical mode",and recommendations for the implementation may be summarized as "providing essential healthcare services for residents,strengthening the organization and management of anti-COVID-19 services delivery,enhancing team building and improving the cooperation with other institutions".

Key words: Primary healthcare institution, Epidemic prevention and control, COVID-19, Community health center