关键词: 高血压, 体质指数, 成年人, 相关关系

Abstract: Background　Body mass index（BMI）is the most sensitive physical measurement index for predicting hypertension in adults.At present，most studies focus on the impact of BMI measuring on a single time point or the variation of BMI during a specific period on hypertension.But there is limited research on the association between the trajectory of BMI based on age and the occurrence of hypertension.Objective　To explore the relationship between trajectory of BMI and the incidence of hypertension in adults aged 20 to 59 years.Methods　People who had participated in health checkups for at least three times at a tertiary class hospital in Qingdao during 2015 to 2019 were selected as the research objects.And physical examination results〔height，weight，systolic blood pressure（SBP），diastolic blood pressure（DBP）〕，laboratory test indicators〔fasting blood glucose（FPG），serum total cholesterol（TC），triacylglycerol（TG），low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C），high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）〕 were collected.The age，BMI，SBP and DBP at the first physical examination and the age at the diagnosis of hypertension were recorded.Latent class linear mixed model（LCLMM）was used to identify the dynamic variations of BMI trajectories relating to age and then the subjects were grouped according to its trajectory.Then Cox regression model was used to analyze the association between BMI trajectories and the incidence of hypertension in adults aged 20 to 59 years.Hazard ratios （HR）and 95% confidence interval（CI）were reported.Results　A total of 2 683 samples were included and four distinct BMI trajectories，which were classified to the medium-slow increase group（1 681 cases，62.7%）and the medium-level-rapid increase group（639 cases，23.8%），high level-rapid increase group （272 cases，10.1%），low level-rapid increase group（91 cases，3.4%）were identified through LCLMM.The incidence of hypertension，age，BMI，SBP，DBP and FPG level，TC level，TG level，LDL-C level，HDL-C level 〔on first physical examination intermediate level-slow rise group，medium level-rapid rise group，high level-rapid rise group，low level-rapid rise group were compared，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Taking the medium-slow rise group as a reference，after adjusting for confounding factors，the risk of hypertension in medium-rapid rise group，high-level-rapid rise group and low-level-rapid rise group 〔HR（95%CI）〕were respectively 1.47（91.09，1.98），2.56（1.85，3.55），and 6.35（3.36，12.01）.Conclusion　Adults with faster BMI increments along with age have a higher risk of hypertension.In the future，adults BMI trajectories should be focused on and especially the population with faster BMI increments，so as to identify high-risk groups as soon as possible and control population obesity in time，achieving the purpose of early prevention of hypertension.

Key words: Hypertension, Body mass index, Adult, Correlation