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中国全科医学 ›› 2020, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (20): 2564-2570.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.718

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

扬中市40~70岁居民主要慢性病患病现状及影响因素分析

冯祥1，2，华召来2，周琴2，施爱武2，钱东福3*   

  1. 1.211166江苏省南京市，南京医科大学公共卫生学院　2.212200江苏省扬中市肿瘤防治研究所　3.211166江苏省南京市，南京医科大学医政学院 *通信作者：钱东福，教授，博士生导师；E-mail：dongfu016@126.com
  • 出版日期:2020-07-15 发布日期:2020-07-15
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目（71874085）；国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFC0901400）

Analysis on the prevalence of major non-communicable chronic diseases and its influencing factors among adults aged 40-70 in Yangzhong City

FENG Xiang1，2，HUA Zhaolai2，ZHOU Qin2，SHI Aiwu2，QIAN Dongfu3*   

  1. 1.School of Public Health，Nanjing Medical University，Nanjing 211166，China 2.Yangzhong Cancer Research Institution，Yangzhong 212200，China 3.School of Health Policy and Management，Nanjing Medical University，Nanjing 211166，China *Corresponding author：QIAN Dongfu，Professor，Doctoral supervisor；E-mail：dongfu016@126.com
  • Published:2020-07-15 Online:2020-07-15

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摘要： 背景　慢性病（NCDs）危害居民身心健康的同时，还会给个人、家庭乃至社会带来巨大的疾病负担，是当下主要的公共卫生问题之一。目的　了解扬中市40~70岁居民主要NCDs（扬中市NCDs患病率顺位前5位的疾病）患病现状，分析其影响因素，为NCDs的防控提供理论依据。方法　2018年9月—2019年3月采取多阶段分层整群抽样的方法选取2 591例扬中市户籍居民作为调查对象，通过问卷调查、体格检查、内窥镜及病理学检查、实验室生化指标检测，了解主要NCDs患病现状，采用单因素Logistic回归分析及多因素Logistic回归分析探讨NCDs的影响因素。结果　NCDs患病率前5位分别为慢性胃炎（72.52%）、高血压（62.52%）、血脂异常（34.89%）、子宫肌瘤（12.50%）、糖尿病（10.61%）。男性高血压、胆囊炎/胆管炎、胆结石患病率低于女性，糖尿病、上消化道癌前病变、十二指肠溃疡、萎缩性胃炎患病率高于女性（P<0.05）。高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病患病率随年龄增加而增加，血脂异常患病率随年龄增加而降低，高血压患病率随着教育水平的增加而降低（P<0.05）。单因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄、性别、受教育程度、家庭年收入、吸烟、被动吸烟、畜肉及其制品摄入情况、家禽及其制品摄入情况、蛋类及其制品摄入情况、水果摄入情况、奶制品摄入情况、NCDs家族史、心率过快、BMI与高血压的发生有关（P<0.05），年龄、饮茶情况、家禽及其制品摄入情况、锻炼频率、体力劳动、NCDs家族史、BMI与血脂异常的发生有关（P<0.05），年龄、性别、受教育程度、家庭年收入、吸烟、饮茶情况、锻炼频率、体力劳动、NCDs家族史、心率过快、BMI与糖尿病的发生有关（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄、吸烟、被动吸烟、奶制品摄入情况、NCDs家族史、心率过快、BMI是高血压的影响因素（P<0.05）；家禽及其制品摄入情况、NCDs家族史、BMI是血脂异常的影响因素（P<0.05）；年龄、性别、受教育程度、吸烟情况、锻炼频率、NCDs家族史、心率过快、BMI是糖尿病的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论　扬中市40~70岁居民主要NCDs防控形势严峻。男性高血压患病率低于女性，糖尿病患病率高于女性，应加强男性糖尿病及女性高血压的管理。肥胖或超重、NCDs家族史以及心率过快是多种NCDs的共有危险因素，应重点关注。

关键词: 慢性病, 影响因素, 高血压, 糖尿病, 血脂异常, 患病率, 疾病负担

Abstract: Background　Non-communicable chronic diseases（NCDs）are one of the major public health problems，which endangers residents' health and brings huge burden to individual，family and the society.Objective　To understand the prevalence of major NCDs （ the top five diseases of NCDs prevalence in Yangzhong City ），among adults aged 40-70 in Yangzhong City and analyze its influencing factors so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of NCDs.Methods　A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used and 2 591 adults were selected.The prevalence of major NCDs were obtained by questionnaire，physical examination，endoscopy examination，pathology examination and laboratory examination from September 2018 to March 2019.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of NCDs.Results　The top 5 major NCDs of prevalence rate were chronic gastritis（72.52%），hypertension（62.52%），dyslipidemia（34.89%），hysteromyoma（12.50%），and diabetes（10.61%），respectively.The prevalence of hypertension，cholecystitis/cholangitis and gallstones in men was lower than that in women，while the prevalence of diabetes，upper gastrointestinal precancerous lesion，duodenal ulcer and atrophic gastritis in men was higher than that in women（P<0.05）.The prevalence of hypertension，diabetes increased with the increase of age，and the prevalence of dyslipidemia decreased with the increase of age，while the prevalence of hypertension decreased with the increase of education level（P<0.05）.Univariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that age，gender，education level，household annual income，smoking，passive smoking，intake of meat and its products，intake of poultry and its products，intake of eggs and its products，intake of fruit，intake of dairy products，family history of NCDs，racing heart and BMI were associated with hypertension（P<0.05）；age，drinking tea，intake of poultry and its products，exercise frequency，manual labor，family history of NCDs and BMI were associated with dyslipidemia （P<0.05）；age，gender，education level，household annual income，smoking，drinking tea，exercise frequency，manual labor，family history of NCDs，racing heart and BMI were associated with diabetes（P<0.05）.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age，smoking，passive smoking，intake of dairy products，family history of NCDs，racing heart and BMI were influencing factors of hypertension（P<0.05）；intake of poultry and its products，family history of NCDs and BMI were influencing factors of dyslipidemia（P<0.05）；age，gender，education level，smoking，exercise frequency，family history of NCDs，racing heart and BMI were influencing factors of diabetes（P<0.05）.Conclusion　The situation of major NCDs in adults aged 40-70 in Yangzhong City is severe.The prevalence of hypertension in men is lower than that in women，while the prevalence of diabetes is higher.Thus，the management of diabetes in men and hypertension in women should be strengthened.In addition，obesity or overweight，family history of NCDs and racing heart are the common risk factors of NCDs，which should be focused on.

Key words: Chronic disease, Influencing factor, Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, Dyslipidemias, Prevalence, Burden of illness

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