关键词: 糖尿病, 2型；膳食, 低碳水化合物；饮食疗法；治疗结果

Abstract: Background　With the increasing prevalence of diabetes in China，effective and consistent dietary interventions are needed to control the current situation of blood glucose level.Low carbohydrate diet may benefit type 2 diabetic patients， but it is still controversial.Objective　To evaluate the effects of a 30% low-carbohydrate diet on patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods　During period between May 2017 and October 2018，32 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who did not have history of using insulin were selected from the Department of Clinical Nutrition of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University.Selected patients were prescribed with a 30% low-carbohydrate dietary intervention for six months.Patients were monitored for body mass index（BMI），fasting insulin（INS），fasting blood glucose（FBG），2 h postprandial blood glucose（2 hPG），glycosylated hemoglobin（HbA1c），total cholesterol（TC），triglyceride（TG），high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C），and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） before and at third and sixth months of the intervention.The number of patients with reduction and withdrawal of drug usage after six months of intervention were obtained.Results　A total of 30 patients with type 2 diabetes completed the 6-month low-carbohydrate diet with a completion rate of 93.8%（30/32） and a withdrawal rate of 6.2%（2/32）.The difference of BMI，FBG，2 hPG，HbA1c，TG and LDL-C before and after the intervention were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Further pair-wise comparison showed that BMI，FBG，2 hPG，HbA1c，TG and LDL-C decreased significantly after three and six months of dietary intervention（P<0.05）.Compared with those at three months after intervention，the levels of FBG，2 hPG，HbA1c and TG decreased significantly at 6 months after intervention（P<0.05）.After six months of intervention，10（52.6%） patients reduced their drug intake while 1（5.2%） patient withdrew drug intake among 19 patients who were taking oral hypoglycemic drugs，so the total reduction/withdrawal rate was 57.9%（11/19）.Conclusion　The three and six months of low-carbohydrate dietary（30% of total energy intake） intervention can significantly improve blood sugar and lipids levels of patients with type 2 diabetes but without history of using insulin.Moreover，the reduction or withdrawal rate of diabetes drugs is significant.Additionally，good compliance is observed with this dietary intervention.All these indicate that this method is worth for further long-term implementation and observation.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2；Diet, carbohydrate-restricted；Diet therapy；Treatment outcome