中国全科医学 ›› 2020, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (3): 333-337.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.777

所属专题: 高血压最新文章合集

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于安德森模型的高血压患者就诊行为影响因素研究

毛琪1,俞意1,刘晓强2,薛成兵2,徐爱军1*   

  1. 1.210000江苏省南京市,南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院 2.210000江苏省南京市,江苏省卫生统计信息中心
    *通信作者:徐爱军,教授;E-mail:xuaijun2000@163.com
  • 出版日期:2020-01-20 发布日期:2020-01-20
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金冷门“绝学”和国别史等研究专项(2018VJX065);江苏省中医药局重点项目(ZD201801);江苏省社会科学基金资助项目(15GLB019)——2016居民卫生服务利用行为监测数据深入分析项目

Influencing Factors of Healthcare Seeking Behavior of Hypertension Patients:an Analysis Based on Anderson's Model 

MAO Qi1,YU Yi1,LIU Xiaoqiang2,XUE Chengbing2,XU Aijun1*   

  1. 1.School of Health Economics and Management,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210000,China
    2.Jiangsu Health Statistics Information Center,Nanjing 210000,China
    *Corresponding author:XU Aijun,Professor;E-mail:xuaijun2000@163.com
  • Published:2020-01-20 Online:2020-01-20

摘要: 背景 高血压等慢性病已成为我国重要的公共卫生问题,了解高血压患者的就诊行为及其影响因素,有利于引导患者有序就医,改善生命健康质量。目的 利用安德森模型,探讨高血压患者就诊行为的影响因素,为促进高血压患者积极有效地利用医疗卫生服务提供参考。方法 2018年8—10月,利用全国第六次卫生服务调查中江苏地区高血压患者的调查数据,将调查对象中年龄≥15周岁、已确诊患有高血压的1 953例患者为研究对象,以修正后的安德森模型为理论框架,探究情景特征、人群特征和健康行为对高血压患者就诊行为的影响。结果 高血压患者两周就诊率为18.69%(365/1 953)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,到达最近医疗机构花费时间〔6~10 min:OR=1.448,95%CI(1.045,2.005);≥11 min:OR=1.143,95%CI(0.814,1.606)〕、城乡分布〔OR=0.604,95%CI(0.449,0.813)〕、家庭人均年收入〔中等收入:OR=0.979,95%CI(0.674,1.421);高收入:OR=1.387,95%CI(1.049,1.832)〕、参保情况〔城镇职工基本医疗保险:OR=0.502,95%CI(0.200,1.260);城乡居民基本医疗保险:OR=0.705,95%CI(0.529,0.938)〕、自感疾病严重程度〔一般:OR=0.469,95%CI(0.317,0.694);不严重:OR=0.519,95%CI(0.394,0.683)〕是高血压患者就诊行为的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 情景特征(医疗机构花费时间)和人群特征(城乡分布、家庭人均年收入、参保情况、自感疾病严重程度)不同程度地影响着高血压患者就诊行为,建议相关部门继续提高医疗服务可及性,完善医疗保障制度,着重关注老年和低收入高血压患者医疗服务需求,加强高血压健康教育工作,增强高血压患者健康意识。

关键词: 高血压, 就诊行为, 安德森模型, 卫生服务利用, 卫生服务研究

Abstract: Background Hypertension and other chronic diseases have become an important public health problem in China.To understand the behavior of patients with hypertension and its influencing factors is conducive to guiding patients to seek medical treatment orderly and improving the quality of life and health.Objective To explore the influencing factors of healthcare seeking behaviors in hypertension patients using Anderson's model,providing data reference for promoting active and effective use of medical and health services in this group.Methods From August to October 2018,we collected data from the Jiangsu part of the Sixth National Health Services Survey in China,and enrolled 1 953 hypertension patients(≥15 years old)from Jiangsu people who participated in the survey.Using the framework of modified Anderson's model,we explored the influence of contextual characteristics,population characteristics and health behaviors on healthcare-seeking behaviors of hypertension patients.Results The two-week visiting rate in these hypertension patients was 18.69%(365/1 953).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that:time required to arrive at the nearest medical institution from home〔6-10 min:OR=1.448,95%CI(1.045,2.005);≥11 min:OR=1.143,95%CI(0.814,1.606)〕,urban and rural distribution〔OR=0.604,95%CI(0.449,0.813)〕,annual household income per capita〔medium income:OR=0.979,95%CI(0.674,1.421);high income:OR=1.387,95%CI(1.049,1.832)〕,insurance participation 〔basic medical insurance for urban employees:OR=0.502,95%CI(0.200,1.260);basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents:OR=0.705,95%CI(0.529,0.938)〕,self-perceived severity of disease〔general:OR=0.469,95%CI(0.317,0.694);not serious:OR=0.519,95%CI(0.394,0.683)〕 were influencing factors of healthcare seeking behaviors in patients with hypertension(P<0.05).Conclusion Contextual characteristic(time taken to the nearest medical institution from home)and population characteristics(urban and rural distribution,annual household income per capita,insurance participation,self-perceived severity of disease)affect healthcare seeking behaviors in hypertensive patients to different degrees.Therefore,relevant departments should improve the accessibility of medical services and the medical insurance system,focus on the medical services needs of elderly and low-income hypertensive patients,and strengthen the education of hypertension prevention to enhance the health awareness of hypertension patients.

Key words: Hypertension, Healthcare seeking behavior, Anderson's model, Utilization of health services, Health services research