关键词: 高血压, 氯化钠, 膳食, 血压变异性, 影响因素分析?

Abstract: Background　High-salt diet is a risk factor for hypertension，stroke and cardiovascular disease.Blood pressure variability（BPV） is a reliable independent predictor of cardiovascular events and deaths.There are few studies on the relationship between salt intake and BPV.Objective　To explore the relationship between salt intake and BPV in hypertensive populations in Ningxia.Methods　We selected 605 hypertensive residents from a community in Yinchuan during January 2015 to January 2017 by opportunistic screening，priority population screening and physical examination screening.By a questionnaire survey and a physical examination，we collected their demographic data，history of diseases，and behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular disease，levels of triglyceride，total cholesterol（TC），low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C），high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C），and fasting blood glucose（FBG）via analyzing the venous blood sample，and 24-hour blood pressure via 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring，and daily salt intake determined gravimetrically.We divided the residents into low-salt intake group（n=332）and high-salt intake group（n=273）according to average daily salt intake，and coMAPred demographic data，laboratory test results and 24-hour blood pressure between the groups.We performed multiple linear regression analysis to identify associated factors for BPV.Results　Two groups had significant differences in sex，BMI，prevalence of tobacco consumption，alcohol consumption，exercise frequency and family history of cardiovascular disease（P<0.05）.High-salt intake group showed lower average HDL-C and TC than low-salt intake group（P<0.05）.Two groups showed no significant differences in mean daytime SBP（dSBP），dDBP，and dMAP，mean nighttime SBP（nSBP），nDBP，and nMAP，and mean 24 h SBP，24 hDBP，and 24 hMAP（P>0.05）.CoMAPred with the low-salt intake group，high-salt intake group had higher standard deviation（SD） of dSBP（dSBPSD），dMAPSD，24 hSBPSD，24 hDBPSD，and 24 hMAPSD（P<0.05）.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that in the unadjusted model，in the model with adjusted sex，age，minzu，and BMI，and in the model with adjusted sex，age，minzu，BMI，prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption，labor intensity，exercise frequency，history of diabetes，and family history of cardiovascular disease，daily salt intake was significantly associated with dSBPSD，and dMAPSD（P<0.05）.Conclusion　 Salt intake is an influencing factor for dSBPSD and dMAPSD in hypertensive populations in Ningxia.So guidance on eating a salt-restricted diet is essential for the control of blood pressure and BPV in this group.

Key words: Hypertension；Sodium chloride, dietary；Blood pressure variability；Root cause analysis