中国全科医学 ›› 2019, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (34): 4261-4265.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.453

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

“卫生八条”背景下上海市浦东新区全科医生离职倾向及相关因素的横断面研究

李幼子1,张韬2,王洪兴3,赵清芳1,马绍壮4*   

  1. 1.201399上海市浦东新区惠南社区卫生服务中心 2.200136上海市浦东新区金杨社区卫生服务中心 3.200216上海市浦东新区周家渡社区卫生服务中心 4.1600-192 University of Lisbon,Lisbon,Portugal
    *通信作者:马绍壮,副教授;E-mail:ma.shaozhuang@iscte-iul.pt
  • 出版日期:2019-12-05 发布日期:2019-12-05
  • 基金资助:
    上海市浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会——上海市浦东新区卫生、计生科技项目资助项目(PW2016C-16)

General Practitioners' Turnover Intention and Related Factors in Pudong New Area,Shanghai during the Implementation of the "Eight Incentive Policies":a Cross-sectional Survey 

LI Youzi1,ZHANG Tao2,WANG Hongxing3,ZHAO Qingfang1,MA Shaozhuang4*   

  1. 1.Pudong New Area Huinan Community Health Center,Shanghai 201399,China
    2.Pudong New Area Jinyang Community Health Center,Shanghai 200136,China
    3.Pudong New Area Zhoujiadu Community Health Center,Shanghai 200216,China
    4.University of Lisbon,Lisbon 1600-192,Portugal
    *Corresponding author:MA Shaozhuang,Associate professor;E-mail:ma.shaozhuang@iscte-iul.pt
  • Published:2019-12-05 Online:2019-12-05

摘要: 背景 为解决偏远郊区全科医生招聘难、留住难等问题,原上海市浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会出台了“卫生八条”为农村地区吸引并留住全科医生人才。关注全科医生离职倾向水平及相关因素,对人才激励政策的完善具有重要意义。目的 了解上海市浦东新区在职全科医生的离职倾向水平及相关因素,为区域卫生人才激励政策的完善提供参考。方法 于2016年6—12月,对上海市浦东新区社区卫生服务中心全体全科医生进行问卷调查,内容包括个人特征、工作和组织特征、家庭和社区环境、离职倾向(得分为1~6分,得分越高表明离职倾向越强)。共发放问卷1 261份,回收有效问卷1 145份,有效回收率为90.80%。结果 上海市浦东新区全科医生的离职倾向得分为(2.26±0.95)分;不同个人特征的全科医生离职倾向得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);工作和组织特征方面,不同职务、所在单位地理位置的全科医生,其离职倾向得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);家庭和社区环境方面,除了当地居民对全科医生工作的配合程度外,不同家庭和社区环境下全科医生离职倾向得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 上海市浦东新区全科医生离职倾向总体水平较低,且工作和组织特征、家庭与社区环境对全科医生离职倾向的影响突出,因此,要降低全科医生的离职意愿,需要重点从合理缩小管理层与专业技术人员的收入差距、全科医生的家庭及当地居民宣教、激励政策宣传和落实方面入手。

关键词: 全科医生, 离职倾向, 影响因素分析, 横断面研究

Abstract: Background To solve the problem of difficulty in recruiting and retaining general practitioners(GPs) in remote suburbs,Former Shanghai Pudong New Area Health and Family Planning Commission issued the "Eight Incentive Policies" to attract and retain GPs in rural areas.Paying attention to the level of GPs' turnover and related factors is of great significance to the improvement of talent incentive policies.Objective To evaluate the level of turnover intention and influencing factors in GPs in Shanghai's Pudong New Area,so that to provide a reference for the improvement of regional health talent incentive policies.Methods During the period from June to December 2016,all GPs working in community health centers(CHCs) in Pudong New Area were invited to participate in the questionnaire survey,involving personal characteristics,position and CHC characteristics,GP's family support and local community support,and turnover intention(scores ranged from 1 to 6,the higher the score,the stronger the turnover intention).1 145 of the 1 261 GPs returned responsive questionnaires,achieving a response rate of 90.80%.Results Analysis of the survey results showed that the average total turnover intention score for the respondents was(2.26±0.95) .Personal characteristics were not significantly associated with turnover intention score(P>0.05) .Turnover intention score differed significantly by type of position and geographical location of the CHC(in the domain of position and CHC characteristics)(P<0.05) .Moreover,turnover intention score varied obviously by GP's family support and local community support besides local residents' cooperation with GPs(in the domain of GP's family support and local community support)(P<0.05).Conclusion The overall level of GPs' turnover intention in Pudong New Area is low,which is significantly influenced by position and CHC characteristics,GP's family support and local community support.Therefore,to reduce GPs' turnover intention,priorities should be given to reasonably narrowing the income gap between managerial and professional health workers,increasing GP's family support,enhancing health education among the local residents,and improving the propaganda and implementation of the incentives for GPs.

Key words: General practitioners, Turnover intention, Root cause analysis, Cross-sectional studies