关键词: 社区老年人, 生活质量, 人格, 总体幸福感

Abstract: Background　When facing aging population in China，scholars have paid more attention to quality of life among the elderly，especially their mental health.As is known，mental health is determined by internal factors，of which personality traits plays a very important role.However，there is a lack of research on the effect of personality traits on the life quality of the elderly.Objective　To investigate relevant factors，particularly personality traits，that affect the life quality of community-dwelling elders，so as to provide ideas for exploring new nursing interventions.Methods　A cross-sectional survey was conducted by semi-random method from March to August 2017.First，eight communities in Shijiazhuang were randomly selected by lottery，and then the elderly who met the criteria were selected by convenient sampling as subjects.General Data Questionnaire，36-Item Short Form Health Survey （SF-36），General Well-being Schedule （GWBS），Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS），General Self-Efficacy Scale （GSES） and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） were used to investigate the elderly.The influencing factors and their relationship on the quality of life of the elderly was evaluated by multivariate linear regression and path analysis.Results　A total of 450 questionnaires were issued and 436 valid questionnaires were recovered，with an effective recovery rate of 96.9%.In 436 elderly patients，the SF-36 score was （111.4±30.6），the MCS score was （56.8±16.6），the PCS score was （54.6±16.7），the proportion of good，moderate and poor quality of life was 40.1% （175/436），51.6% （225/436），8.3% （36/436），respectively；the GWBS score was （77.0±12.2），the SSRS score was （39.2±8.2），the GSES score was （24.7±4.0），and the score of sub-scale Extraversion （E） in EPQ was （62.7±12.8），the score of sub-scale Neuroticism （N） was （61.2 ±14.4），and the score of sub-scale Psychoticism （P） was （71.3±22.2）．Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that education level （β=-7.724），current monthly income （β=7.229），GWBS （β=1.143），E score （β=-0.249） were factors influencing the quality of life of the community-dwelling elderly （P<0.05）．The results of path analysis further showed that personality traits with E，N and P as the core can influence the quality of life of the elderly through mediating variables，i.e.general well-being.Conclusion　The quality of life of the elderly in Shijiazhuang communities is at a moderate level，which is closely related to the E of personality characteristics.It is suggested that，based on their personality characteristics，specific care interventions need to be formulated to target social support and general self-efficacy for the elderly in the community，so as to improve overall well-being.

Key words: Community-dwelling elderly, Quality of life, Personality, General well-being