关键词: 老年人, 社会参与, 健康促进, 社会行为, 健康状况

Abstract: Background　With the increasing age，the decreasing social roles and the emergence of various negative life events，the elderly has become the high-risk group of social isolation.Social isolation affects the health outcomes of the elderly，and health promotion behaviors are protective factors to promote health.However，related researches are limited on the relationship between social isolation and health promotion behaviors of the elderly.Objective　To analyze the social isolation of older adults and the differences of health promotion behaviors with different types of social isolation.Methods　From July to December 2017，485 older adults from 15 community health service centers/stations in Dongcheng District，Xicheng District，Fengtai District and Shijingshan District of Beijing were selected by convenient sampling method.The survey was conducted using the General Information Questionnaire，Lubben Social Network Scale 6，and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile Ⅱ.Results　Among 485 elderly people，111（22.9%）cases had social isolation；62（12.8%）cases had family isolation and 135（27.8%）cases had friend isolation.The total scores of health promotion behaviors ranged from 40 to 160，with an average of（101.61±16.58）．There was no significant difference in social isolation among the elderly with different age，sexes，monthly income，living style and physical conditions（P>0.05）．The social isolation status of the elderly with different education level was significantly different（P<0.05）．There was no significant difference in the scores of health promotion behaviors among the elderly with different age and physical conditions（P>0.05）．There were significant differences in the scores of health promotion behaviors among the elderly with different sexes，education level，monthly income and living style（P<0.05）．The total score of health promotion behaviors and the scores of interpersonal relationship，health responsibility，stress management，physical activity and spiritual growth of the elderly with social isolation were lower than those of the elderly without social isolation（P<0.05）．The total score of health promotion behaviors and scores of interpersonal relationship，stress management，physical activity and spiritual growth of the elderly with family isolation were lower than those of the elderly without family isolation（P<0.05）．The scores of health promotion behaviors，interpersonal relationship，health responsibility，stress management，nutrition，physical activity and spiritual growth of the elderly with friend isolation were lower than those of the elderly without friend isolation（P<0.05）．Conclusion　Social isolation will affect health promotion behaviors of older adults and friend isolation has a wider influence than social isolation and family isolation.Community healthcare providers should actively pay attention to the social isolation of older adults.Targeted nursing measures should be applied to prevent the social isolation of the elderly，so as to improve their health promotion behaviors and promote healthy aging.

Key words: Aged, Social participation, Health promotion, Social behavior, Health status