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中国全科医学 ›› 2018, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (13): 1608-1612.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.13.020

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

京郊平谷地区糖尿病现况调查研究

李玉凤1，周翔海2#，张秀英2，张雅静1，付佐娣1，王连英1，赵翠伶1，郭光霞1，孔祥双1，纪立农2*，刘力戈3*   

  1. 1.101200北京市，北京市平谷区医院　2.100044北京市，北京大学人民医院　3.100050北京市，首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院
    #共同第一作者
    *通信作者：纪立农，教授，博士生导师；E-mail：jiln@bjmu.edu.cn　刘力戈，教授，博士生导师；E-mail：lige2128@sina.com
  • 出版日期:2018-05-05 发布日期:2018-05-05
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划重点专项（2016YFC1304901）

Epidemiology of Diabetes in Beijing's Suburb of Pinggu

  1. 1.Beijing Pinggu Hospital，Beijing 101200，China
    2.Peking University People's Hospital，Beijing 100044，China
    3.Beijing Friendship Hospital，Capital Medical University，Beijing 100050，China
    *Corresponding author：JI Li-nong，Professor，Doctoral supervisor；E-mail：jiln@bjmu.edu.cn；LIU Li-ge，Professor，Doctoral supervisor；E-mail：lige2128@sina.com
  • Published:2018-05-05 Online:2018-05-05

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摘要： 目的　了解京郊平谷地区糖尿病（DM）的流行现况，为制订平谷地区社区卫生服务政策提供依据。方法　2013年6月—2014年9月，采用多阶段随机抽样的方法对北京市平谷地区部分社区居民进行调查，最终抽取5 004例居民，其中农村居民2 504例，城镇居民2 500例。电话通知受试者参加本调查研究，最终4 006例居民同意参加现场调查并现场签署知情同意书，应答率为80.1%。对居民进行问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检查。共发放问卷4 006份，回收有效问卷4 002份，问卷的有效回收率为99.9%。统计分析时对数据进行加权处理。结果　估算出的平谷地区总人群DM患病率为18.0%，其中男性19.9%，女性16.1%，男性DM患病率高于女性，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；城镇居民19.4%，农村居民17.4%，城镇居民DM患病率高于农村，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；不同年龄段居民DM患病率比较，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05），且随年龄增加而增加（P<0.05）。估算出的总人群DM知晓率为53.0%，其中男性49.7%，女性56.9%，男性DM知晓率低于女性，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；城镇53.5%，农村52.8%，城镇地区DM知晓率高于农村，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。估算出的总人群DM治疗率为40.9%，其中男性36.2%，女性46.3%，男性DM患者治疗率低于女性，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；城镇44.0%，农村39.4%，城镇DM患者治疗率高于农村地区，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。已知DM患者治疗达标率为36.5%，其中男性37.3%，女性35.7%，男性DM患者治疗达标率高于女性，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；城镇44.6%，农村32.8%，城镇已知DM患者治疗达标率高于农村，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　京郊平谷地区DM患病率较高，55岁以上女性是DM高发人群，DM知晓率、治疗率及达标率低，尤其在45岁以下患者明显，DM防控形势严峻，尤其应加强对中青年DM患者的综合管理。

关键词: 糖尿病, 横断面研究, 平谷区

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the epidemiology of diabetes mellitus（DM） in Beijing's suburb of Pinggu，providing evidence for the development of community health service policy for this district.Methods　We conducted this study from June 2013 to September 2014.Using stratified multistage random sampling，we first recruited 5 004 residents（2 504 rural residents，and 2 500 urban residents） from Pinggu District，Beijing.After being informed of this study by telephone，80.1%（4 006） of them participated in the study following signing the informed consent form in the survey setting.All the participants underwent a questionnaire survey，routine physical examination as well as laboratory tests.4 002 responded positively to the questionnaire survey，achieving a response rate of 99.9%.Statistical analysis of the collected data was performed with weighted approach.Results　The prevalence of DM for all the participants，male and female participants，urban and rural participants was 18.0%，19.9%，16.1%，19.4%，17.4%，respectively，indicating that it was significantly higher in males rather than females（P<0.05），in urban residents rather than rural residents（P<0.05）．Moreover，the prevalence of DM varied obviously by age（P<0.05），and it increased with age（P<0.05）．With respect to the awareness rate of DM，it was 53.0%，49.7%，56.9%，53.5%，52.8%，for all the participants，male and female participants，urban and rural participants，respectively，demonstrating that it was much lower in males rather than females（P<0.05），but was significantly higher in urban residents rather than rural residents（P<0.05）．In terms of the rate of receiving diabetes-related treatment，it was 40.9%，36.2%，46.3%，44.0%，39.4%，for all the DM participants，male and female DM participants，urban and rural DM participants，respectively，exhibiting that it was much lower in male DM residents rather than female DM residents（P<0.05），and was significantly higher in urban DM residents rather than rural DM residents（P<0.05）．The rate of achieving the control target of glycaemia for all the DM participants，male and female DM participants，urban and rural DM participants was 36.5%，37.3%，35.7%，44.6%，32.8%，respectively，showing that it was substantially higher in male DM participants rather than female DM participants（P<0.05），and was significantly higher in urban DM residents rather than rural DM residents（P<0.05）．Conclusion　In Pinggu District，the prevalence of DM is high；women aged over 55 are more prone to DM；the rates of awareness of DM，receiving diabetes-related treatment and achieving the control target of glycaemia are low，especially among DM residents aged less than 45 years.In order to improve this unfavorable status，it is suggested to strengthen the comprehensive management of DM，especially for the young and middle-aged DM residents.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Disease-sectional studies, Pinggu district

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